INRAE. Marie-Christine Lhopital, Race bovine limousine au coeur des Monts du Lyonnais (Sourcieux les Mines, Rhone)

Publication Vaiman A. & al, GSE

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Publication Vaiman A. & al, GSE

The MYH3 gene, coding for an embryonic myosin, is mutated in a recessive form of cleft palate in Limousine cattle

Among the anomalies reported to the Observatoire National des Anomalies Bovines (ONAB, www.onab.fr), a form of cleft palate emerged in 2012 in Limousine cattle. The animals have a total cleft palate involving the bony palate and the muscular palate. In the majority of cases, no other clinical signs are associated with cleft palate. Nevertheless, the survival of the animals and their well-being are largely compromised by this anomaly.

Due to the increasing number of cleft palate cases, a genetic study was undertaken. After identifying the probable founding ancestor and confirming the autosomal recessive determinism, mapping combined with sequencing of two affected animals identified two deleterious and linked mutations in the same exon of the MYH3 gene, coding for a myosin heavy chain. The MYH3 gene is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscles, including craniofacial muscles, during embryonic development. Functional studies have confirmed the impact of these mutations: in cattle with cleft palate, there is an absence of the MYH3 protein.

Both mutations have been included on the genotyping chips used for genomic selection, which greatly facilitates the management of this anomaly within the Limousine breed. Furthermore, this bovine model will allow a better understanding of the relationship between the development of the palate and the craniofacial muscles.

See also

Vaiman, A., Fritz, S., Beauvallet, C. et al. Mutation of the MYH3 gene causes recessive cleft palate in Limousine cattle. Genet Sel Evol 54, 71 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-022-00762-2

Modification date : 05 October 2023 | Publication date : 18 November 2022 | Redactor : GABI - Edition P. Huan